20/10/15
Lesson 3: German Unification
Learning Objective: I can explain the basic progression of the German unification process.
DA: How did Prussian actions challenge the fragile balance-of-power in Europe?
Napoleon decreased the number of German states from 300-39.
DA: How did Prussian actions challenge the fragile balance-of-power in Europe?
Napoleon decreased the number of German states from 300-39.
Read and analyze the following quote:
"The first, original, and truly natural boundaries of states are beyond doubt their internal boundaries. Those who speak the same language are joined to each other by a multitude of invisible bonds by nature herself, long before any human art begins; they understand each other... they belong together and are by nature one and an inseparable whole." -Johann Gottlieb Fichte |
Post Congress of Vienna, Austria posed the greatest threat to the unification process...
Zollverein trade agreement established in 1833.
Failure of Liberal Nationalism...
Frankfurt parliament in 1848.
Prussia's King Frederick William IV was offered the crown but declined... why???
- Prussia was able to leverage it's commitment of 'Blood and Iron' to position itself for unification.
Zollverein trade agreement established in 1833.
- First example in history of independent states created a trade union without the creation of a political federation or union.
Failure of Liberal Nationalism...
Frankfurt parliament in 1848.
- Liberal attempt of unification through a constitutional monarchy.
- Representative parliament from all 39 states.
Prussia's King Frederick William IV was offered the crown but declined... why???
OVB appointed as PM Wilhelm I succeeded Fredrick William.
Bismark's political strategy is based on RealPolitik...
Socialism/Socialist party threatens Bismark's plan..
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BLOOD & IRON
"The position of Prussia in Germany will not be determined by its liberalism but by its power... Prussia must concentrate its strength and hold it for the favorable moment... Not through speeches and majority decisions will the great questions of the day be decided... but by IRON and BLOOD!" -OVB, 1862
Wars of German Unification:
1. Schleswig Wars (Denmark vs Prussia/Austria)- Established German dominance over German-speaking territories.
North German Confederation by 1867.
2. Austro-Prussian War (7 weeks)- Established Prussia as dominant German state.
3. Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)- United Northern and Southern Germany.
"The position of Prussia in Germany will not be determined by its liberalism but by its power... Prussia must concentrate its strength and hold it for the favorable moment... Not through speeches and majority decisions will the great questions of the day be decided... but by IRON and BLOOD!" -OVB, 1862
Wars of German Unification:
1. Schleswig Wars (Denmark vs Prussia/Austria)- Established German dominance over German-speaking territories.
- Free the oppressed German speaking people from Danish rule.
- Schleswig=Prussia & Holstein=Austria... Stretches Austrian resources.
North German Confederation by 1867.
- Southern German states are closer to Austria.
2. Austro-Prussian War (7 weeks)- Established Prussia as dominant German state.
- Reconstruction of the south... find a commonality.
3. Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)- United Northern and Southern Germany.
- A war to unite Germany.
How was Germany able to be so successful...?
Where do you think OVB announced the Proclamation of the German Empire???
- Superior technology and organization.
Where do you think OVB announced the Proclamation of the German Empire???
- Reparations from the war=5,000,000frcs
- Lorraine is annexed... combination of French and German speakers.
Acitivity/HW: Identify a reliable primary source of a quote or illustration from this unification process.